ꯍꯨꯌꯥꯡꯍꯨꯌꯥ ꯖꯤꯅꯍꯦ ꯍꯥꯔꯗꯋꯦꯌꯔ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯗꯛꯇꯁ ꯀꯣꯡ, ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯇꯦꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯥꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯦꯁ꯭ꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯟꯌꯨꯐꯦꯀꯆꯔꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ ꯋꯥꯏꯔꯒꯤ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏꯌꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯔ ꯁꯔꯕꯤꯁꯁꯨ ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯥꯗꯥ ꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯟꯗꯣꯡ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ ꯋꯥꯏꯔ ꯂꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯔꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯀꯆꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯂꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯃꯒꯨꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯦꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯤ꯫
ꯋꯥꯔꯣꯜ
ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ ꯋꯥꯌꯥꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯁꯠꯔꯛꯁꯟ, ꯂꯧꯎ-ꯁꯤꯡꯎ, ꯍꯦꯟꯗꯤꯛꯔꯥꯐ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯤ-ꯔꯣꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ, ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯋꯔ ꯏꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯌꯔꯤꯡ ꯕꯟꯗꯂꯤꯡ, ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯛ ꯄꯦꯀꯦꯖꯤꯡ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯂꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯛ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯏꯔ ꯗꯥꯏꯃꯦꯠꯔꯤꯀꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯰.꯴ꯃꯤ.ꯃꯤ., ꯰.꯸ꯃꯤ.ꯃꯤ., ꯱.꯲ꯃꯤ.ꯃꯤ., ꯲.꯰ꯃꯤ.ꯃꯤ., ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯵ꯃꯤ.ꯃꯤ. ꯀꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯔꯥꯏꯖꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯖꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖꯤꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁ꯫
ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ ꯋꯥꯌꯥꯔ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯇꯉꯥꯏꯐꯗꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯌꯨꯖꯔ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯏ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯣꯠ-ꯗꯤꯞ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯣꯜꯗ-ꯗꯤꯞ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯥꯌꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯃꯃꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯟꯅꯔꯁꯤ:
ꯍꯣꯠ-ꯗꯤꯞ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖꯤꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁ꯫
ꯀꯣꯜꯗ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖꯤꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁꯀꯤ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯁꯤꯡ꯫
ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ ꯋꯥꯌꯥꯔ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯍꯣꯠ-ꯗꯤꯞ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖꯤꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯟꯅꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯒꯦꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖꯤꯡ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯨ ꯈꯉꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯣꯜꯗ-ꯗꯤꯞ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖꯤꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁꯇꯥ ꯆꯪꯁꯤꯜꯂꯁꯤ꯫ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖꯤꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯔꯐꯣꯃꯦꯟꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ ꯂꯩ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:
◎ ꯁꯦꯝ-ꯁꯥꯕꯥ: ꯍꯣꯠ-ꯗꯤꯞ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯅꯥ, ꯁꯦꯝ-ꯁꯥꯕꯗꯥ ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯤꯛꯂꯤꯡ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫
◎ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯞꯂꯦꯇꯤꯡ ꯗꯤꯄꯣꯖꯤꯁꯟ: ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ ꯋꯥꯌꯥꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯇꯣꯗ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯥꯏꯑꯣꯟ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯂꯥꯏꯇꯤꯛ ꯕꯥꯊ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯥꯏꯑꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯀꯣꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯄꯣꯖꯤꯠ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯂꯣ-ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯥꯏꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯇꯤꯡ ꯁꯣꯜꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯔꯣꯟ ꯄꯣꯂꯨꯁꯟ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ, ꯇꯔꯨ-ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫
◎ ꯁꯨꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ: ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯂꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯏꯔꯞ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯦꯀꯦꯖꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯁꯨꯡꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫
ꯍꯣꯠ-ꯗꯤꯞ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯣꯜꯗ-ꯗꯤꯞ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯣꯠ-ꯗꯤꯞ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯂꯦꯌꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ, ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯀꯣꯜꯗ-ꯗꯤꯞ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯝꯕꯥ, ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀꯝꯄꯣꯅꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯌꯥꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯁꯤ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯂꯦꯌꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯒꯨꯅꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ꯫
ꯌꯨꯖꯔ ꯈꯔꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯝꯄꯦꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ ꯋꯥꯌꯥꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯀꯣꯇꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯒꯨꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯅꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯀꯣꯇꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯒꯨꯅꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩ:
ꯔꯣ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯌꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
ꯑꯣꯏꯜ, ꯔꯤꯂꯤꯖ ꯑꯦꯖꯦꯟꯇ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯅꯍꯣꯜ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯣꯇꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯟ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
01
ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯇꯤꯡ ꯕꯥꯊꯇꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ꯫
ꯃꯦꯇꯜ ꯑꯥꯏꯑꯣꯟ ꯀꯟꯇꯦꯅꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯤꯛ ꯃꯦꯇꯔ ꯑꯦꯛꯌꯨꯃꯨꯂꯦꯁꯅꯅꯥ ꯀꯣꯇꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯇꯤꯡ, ꯔꯨꯐꯅꯦꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯏꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
02
ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯛꯠꯌꯨꯑꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫
ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯪꯗꯕꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖꯤꯡ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ, ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯔꯦꯟꯖꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ pH ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯂꯐ꯭ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯛ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯗꯀꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯅꯥ ꯀꯣꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
03
ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯀꯣꯇꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯪꯕꯥ꯫
ꯑꯀꯪꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯥꯡ ꯀꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯅꯥ ꯀꯣꯇꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯒꯨꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯣꯁꯐꯔꯁ ꯃꯔꯥꯡ ꯀꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯅꯥ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯂꯦꯁ ꯅꯤꯀꯜ ꯀꯣꯇꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯣꯜꯇ ꯁ꯭ꯞꯔꯦ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯁ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫
04
ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯦꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯃꯦꯟꯌꯨꯐꯦꯀꯆꯔꯔ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ ꯋꯥꯌꯥꯔ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯔꯦꯀꯃꯦꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫
ꯐꯣꯇꯣꯁꯤꯡ꯫
ꯍꯠ ꯇꯦꯒꯁ: ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖꯗ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ ꯋꯥꯏꯔ, ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖꯗ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ ꯋꯥꯏꯔ ꯃꯦꯟꯌꯨꯐꯦꯀꯆꯔꯔꯁꯤꯡ, ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏꯌꯔꯁꯤꯡ, ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤ꯫
